답변:
http://borkware.com/quickies/one?topic=NSString (유용한 링크) 에서이를 발견했습니다 .
NSString *string = @"oop:ack:bork:greeble:ponies";
NSArray *chunks = [string componentsSeparatedByString: @":"];
도움이 되었기를 바랍니다!
아담
componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet
. 아래 답변을 참조하십시오.
모든 사람들이 언급 componentsSeparatedByString:
했지만 자연어를 토큰 화 CFStringTokenizer
하는 ( NSString
및 CFString
공백으로 단어를 나누지 않는 중국어 / 일본어와 같이) 상호 교환도 가능합니다.
enumerateLinesUsingBlock:
있으며 enumerateSubstringsInRange:options:usingBlock:
후자는 CFStringTokenizer의 블록 기반 버전입니다. developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/… : developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/… :
enumerate
방법은 iOS 4 이상에서도 사용할 수 있습니다.
토큰 화 요구가 더 복잡한 경우 오픈 소스 Cocoa String 토큰 화 / 파싱 툴킷 ParseKit을 확인하십시오.
구분 문자 (예 : ':')를 사용하여 문자열을 간단하게 분할하려면 ParseKit이 과도하게 사용됩니다. 그러나 복잡한 토큰 화 요구에 대해 ParseKit은 매우 강력하고 유연합니다.
ParseKit 토큰 화 문서 도 참조하십시오 .
여러 문자를 토큰 화하려면 NSString을 사용할 수 있습니다 componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet
. NSCharacterSet에는 whitespaceCharacterSet
and와 같은 편리한 사전 제작 세트 가 illegalCharacterSet
있습니다. 그리고 유니 코드 범위의 이니셜 라이저가 있습니다.
다음과 같이 문자 세트를 결합하고이를 사용하여 토큰화할 수도 있습니다.
// Tokenize sSourceEntityName on both whitespace and punctuation.
NSMutableCharacterSet *mcharsetWhitePunc = [[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet] mutableCopy];
[mcharsetWhitePunc formUnionWithCharacterSet:[NSCharacterSet punctuationCharacterSet]];
NSArray *sarrTokenizedName = [self.sSourceEntityName componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:mcharsetWhitePunc];
[mcharsetWhitePunc release];
그주의 componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet
는 행에서 charset 하나 명 이상의 멤버가 발생할 경우 1보다 작은 길이를 테스트 할 수 있습니다, 그래서 빈 문자열을 생성합니다.
"인용구"를 유지하면서 문자열을 검색어로 토큰 화하려는 경우 NSString
다양한 유형의 따옴표 쌍을 존중 하는 범주는 다음과 같습니다.""
''
‘’
“”
용법:
NSArray *terms = [@"This is my \"search phrase\" I want to split" searchTerms];
// results in: ["This", "is", "my", "search phrase", "I", "want", "to", "split"]
암호:
@interface NSString (Search)
- (NSArray *)searchTerms;
@end
@implementation NSString (Search)
- (NSArray *)searchTerms {
// Strip whitespace and setup scanner
NSCharacterSet *whitespace = [NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet];
NSString *searchString = [self stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:whitespace];
NSScanner *scanner = [NSScanner scannerWithString:searchString];
[scanner setCharactersToBeSkipped:nil]; // we'll handle whitespace ourselves
// A few types of quote pairs to check
NSDictionary *quotePairs = @{@"\"": @"\"",
@"'": @"'",
@"\u2018": @"\u2019",
@"\u201C": @"\u201D"};
// Scan
NSMutableArray *results = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
NSString *substring = nil;
while (scanner.scanLocation < searchString.length) {
// Check for quote at beginning of string
unichar unicharacter = [self characterAtIndex:scanner.scanLocation];
NSString *startQuote = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%C", unicharacter];
NSString *endQuote = [quotePairs objectForKey:startQuote];
if (endQuote != nil) { // if it's a valid start quote we'll have an end quote
// Scan quoted phrase into substring (skipping start & end quotes)
[scanner scanString:startQuote intoString:nil];
[scanner scanUpToString:endQuote intoString:&substring];
[scanner scanString:endQuote intoString:nil];
} else {
// Single word that is non-quoted
[scanner scanUpToCharactersFromSet:whitespace intoString:&substring];
}
// Process and add the substring to results
if (substring) {
substring = [substring stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:whitespace];
if (substring.length) [results addObject:substring];
}
// Skip to next word
[scanner scanCharactersFromSet:whitespace intoString:nil];
}
// Return non-mutable array
return results.copy;
}
@end
언어 적 특징의 문자열 (단어, 단락, 문자, 문장 및 줄)을 분할하려면 문자열 열거를 사용하십시오.
NSString * string = @" \n word1! word2,%$?'/word3.word4 ";
[string enumerateSubstringsInRange:NSMakeRange(0, string.length)
options:NSStringEnumerationByWords
usingBlock:
^(NSString *substring, NSRange substringRange, NSRange enclosingRange, BOOL *stop) {
NSLog(@"Substring: '%@'", substring);
}];
// Logs:
// Substring: 'word1'
// Substring: 'word2'
// Substring: 'word3'
// Substring: 'word4'
이 API는 공백이 항상 분리 문자가 아닌 다른 언어 (예 : 일본어)와 작동합니다. NSStringEnumerationByComposedCharacterSequences
많은 비 서부 문자는 1 바이트 이상이므로 문자를 열거하는 올바른 방법 도 사용 합니다.
ldapsearch를 사용하여 LDAP 쿼리 후 콘솔 출력을 분할 해야하는 경우가있었습니다. 먼저 NSTask를 설정하고 실행하십시오 (여기에서 좋은 코드 샘플을 찾았습니다 : Cocoa app에서 터미널 명령 실행 ). 그러나 Ldap-query-output에서 인쇄 서버 이름 만 추출하기 위해 출력을 분할하고 구문 분석해야했습니다. 불행히도 간단한 C- 배열 연산으로 C- 문자열 / 배열을 조작한다면 전혀 문제가되지 않는 문자열 조작이 문제가되지 않습니다. 여기에 코코아 객체를 사용하는 코드가 있습니다. 더 나은 제안이 있으면 알려주세요.
//as the ldap query has to be done when the user selects one of our Active Directory Domains
//(an according comboBox should be populated with print-server names we discover from AD)
//my code is placed in the onSelectDomain event code
//the following variables are declared in the interface .h file as globals
@protected NSArray* aDomains;//domain combo list array
@protected NSMutableArray* aPrinters;//printer combo list array
@protected NSMutableArray* aPrintServers;//print server combo list array
@protected NSString* sLdapQueryCommand;//for LDAP Queries
@protected NSArray* aLdapQueryArgs;
@protected NSTask* tskLdapTask;
@protected NSPipe* pipeLdapTask;
@protected NSFileHandle* fhLdapTask;
@protected NSMutableData* mdLdapTask;
IBOutlet NSComboBox* comboDomain;
IBOutlet NSComboBox* comboPrinter;
IBOutlet NSComboBox* comboPrintServer;
//end of interface globals
//after collecting the print-server names they are displayed in an according drop-down comboBox
//as soon as the user selects one of the print-servers, we should start a new query to find all the
//print-queues on that server and display them in the comboPrinter drop-down list
//to find the shares/print queues of a windows print-server you need samba and the net -S command like this:
// net -S yourPrintServerName.yourBaseDomain.com -U yourLdapUser%yourLdapUserPassWord -W adm rpc share -l
//which dispalays a long list of the shares
- (IBAction)onSelectDomain:(id)sender
{
static int indexOfLastItem = 0; //unfortunately we need to compare this because we are called also if the selection did not change!
if ([comboDomain indexOfSelectedItem] != indexOfLastItem && ([comboDomain indexOfSelectedItem] != 0))
{
indexOfLastItem = [comboDomain indexOfSelectedItem]; //retain this index for next call
//the print-servers-list has to be loaded on a per univeristy or domain basis from a file dynamically or from AN LDAP-QUERY
//initialize an LDAP-Query-Task or console-command like this one with console output
/*
ldapsearch -LLL -s sub -D "cn=yourLdapUser,ou=yourOuWithLdapUserAccount,dc=yourDomain,dc=com" -h "yourLdapServer.com" -p 3268 -w "yourLdapUserPassWord" -b "dc=yourBaseDomainToSearchIn,dc=com" "(&(objectcategory=computer)(cn=ps*))" "dn"
//our print-server names start with ps* and we want the dn as result, wich comes like this:
dn: CN=PSyourPrintServerName,CN=Computers,DC=yourBaseDomainToSearchIn,DC=com
*/
sLdapQueryCommand = [[NSString alloc] initWithString: @"/usr/bin/ldapsearch"];
if ([[comboDomain stringValue] compare: @"firstDomain"] == NSOrderedSame) {
aLdapQueryArgs = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"-LLL",@"-s", @"sub",@"-D", @"cn=yourLdapUser,ou=yourOuWithLdapUserAccount,dc=yourDomain,dc=com",@"-h", @"yourLdapServer.com",@"-p",@"3268",@"-w",@"yourLdapUserPassWord",@"-b",@"dc=yourFirstDomainToSearchIn,dc=com",@"(&(objectcategory=computer)(cn=ps*))",@"dn",nil];
}
else {
aLdapQueryArgs = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"-LLL",@"-s", @"sub",@"-D", @"cn=yourLdapUser,ou=yourOuWithLdapUserAccount,dc=yourDomain,dc=com",@"-h", @"yourLdapServer.com",@"-p",@"3268",@"-w",@"yourLdapUserPassWord",@"-b",@"dc=yourSecondDomainToSearchIn,dc=com",@"(&(objectcategory=computer)(cn=ps*))",@"dn",nil];
}
//prepare and execute ldap-query task
tskLdapTask = [[NSTask alloc] init];
pipeLdapTask = [[NSPipe alloc] init];//instead of [NSPipe pipe]
[tskLdapTask setStandardOutput: pipeLdapTask];//hope to get the tasks output in this file/pipe
//The magic line that keeps your log where it belongs, has to do with NSLog (see /programming/412562/execute-a-terminal-command-from-a-cocoa-app and here http://www.cocoadev.com/index.pl?NSTask )
[tskLdapTask setStandardInput:[NSPipe pipe]];
//fhLdapTask = [[NSFileHandle alloc] init];//would be redundand here, next line seems to do the trick also
fhLdapTask = [pipeLdapTask fileHandleForReading];
mdLdapTask = [NSMutableData dataWithCapacity:512];//prepare capturing the pipe buffer which is flushed on read and can overflow, start with 512 Bytes but it is mutable, so grows dynamically later
[tskLdapTask setLaunchPath: sLdapQueryCommand];
[tskLdapTask setArguments: aLdapQueryArgs];
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog (@"sLdapQueryCommand: %@\n", sLdapQueryCommand);
NSLog (@"aLdapQueryArgs: %@\n", aLdapQueryArgs );
NSLog (@"tskLdapTask: %@\n", [tskLdapTask arguments]);
#endif
[tskLdapTask launch];
while ([tskLdapTask isRunning]) {
[mdLdapTask appendData: [fhLdapTask readDataToEndOfFile]];
}
[tskLdapTask waitUntilExit];//might be redundant here.
[mdLdapTask appendData: [fhLdapTask readDataToEndOfFile]];//add another read for safety after process/command stops
NSString* sLdapOutput = [[NSString alloc] initWithData: mdLdapTask encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];//convert output to something readable, as NSData and NSMutableData are mere byte buffers
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"LdapQueryOutput: %@\n", sLdapOutput);
#endif
//Ok now we have the printservers from Active Directory, lets parse the output and show the list to the user in its combo box
//output is formatted as this, one printserver per line
//dn: CN=PSyourPrintServer,OU=Computers,DC=yourBaseDomainToSearchIn,DC=com
//so we have to search for "dn: CN=" to retrieve each printserver's name
//unfortunately splitting this up will give us a first line containing only "" empty string, which we can replace with the word "choose"
//appearing as first entry in the comboBox
aPrintServers = (NSMutableArray*)[sLdapOutput componentsSeparatedByString:@"dn: CN="];//split output into single lines and store it in the NSMutableArray aPrintServers
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"aPrintServers: %@\n", aPrintServers);
#endif
if ([[aPrintServers objectAtIndex: 0 ] compare: @"" options: NSLiteralSearch] == NSOrderedSame){
[aPrintServers replaceObjectAtIndex: 0 withObject: slChoose];//replace with localized string "choose"
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"aPrintServers: %@\n", aPrintServers);
#endif
}
//Now comes the tedious part to extract only the print-server-names from the single lines
NSRange r;
NSString* sTemp;
for (int i = 1; i < [aPrintServers count]; i++) {//skip first line with "choose". To get rid of the rest of the line, we must isolate/preserve the print server's name to the delimiting comma and remove all the remaining characters
sTemp = [aPrintServers objectAtIndex: i];
sTemp = [sTemp stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet: [NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]];//remove newlines and line feeds
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"sTemp: %@\n", sTemp);
#endif
r = [sTemp rangeOfString: @","];//now find first comma to remove the whole rest of the line
//r.length = [sTemp lengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
r.length = [sTemp length] - r.location;//calculate number of chars between first comma found and lenght of string
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"range: %i, %i\n", r.location, r.length);
#endif
sTemp = [sTemp stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:r withString: @"" ];//remove rest of line
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"sTemp after replace: %@\n", sTemp);
#endif
[aPrintServers replaceObjectAtIndex: i withObject: sTemp];//put back string into array for display in comboBox
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"aPrintServer: %@\n", [aPrintServers objectAtIndex: i]);
#endif
}
[comboPrintServer removeAllItems];//reset combo box
[comboPrintServer addItemsWithObjectValues:aPrintServers];
[comboPrintServer setNumberOfVisibleItems:aPrintServers.count];
[comboPrintServer selectItemAtIndex:0];
#ifdef bDoDebug
NSLog(@"comboPrintServer reloaded with new values.");
#endif
//release memory we used for LdapTask
[sLdapQueryCommand release];
[aLdapQueryArgs release];
[sLdapOutput release];
[fhLdapTask release];
[pipeLdapTask release];
// [tskLdapTask release];//strangely can not be explicitely released, might be autorelease anyway
// [mdLdapTask release];//strangely can not be explicitely released, might be autorelease anyway
[sTemp release];
}
}
[anArray componentsJoinedByString:@":"];
.