별도의 파티션에 Ubuntu 18.04를 설치 한 후 Ubuntu 16.04로 부팅 할 수 없음

0

두 개의 하드 디스크가있는 멀티 부팅 시스템이 있습니다.

  • / dev / sda의 Windows 및 일부 이전 Ubuntu 버전
  • / dev / sdb1의 우분투 16.04

그런 다음 빈 파티션 / dev / sdb2에 Ubuntu 18.04를 설치했습니다. 이전 부트 로더가 어디에 있는지 기억이 나지 않았으므로 새 부트 로더에 대해 / dev / sdb를 선택했습니다.

이제 아무 문제없이 Ubuntu 18.04를 부팅 할 수 있지만 Ubuntu 16.04를 부팅하면 다음과 같은 결과가 나타납니다.

[   1.820371] [drm:intel_set_pch_fifo_underrun_reporting [i915]] *ERROR* uncleared pch fifo underrun on pch transcoder A
[   1.820395] [drm:intel_pch_fifo_underrun_irq_handler [i915]]  *ERROR* PCH transcoder A FIFO underrun
[   2.023723] usb 2-1.6: string descriptor 0 read error: -22
ssd1: clean, ... files, ... blocks
[   5.074685] usb 2-1.6: string descriptor 0 read error: -22
Welcome to emergency mode! After logging in, ...

이미 복구 모드로 로그인하고 sudo fsck -f / dev / sdb1 을 실행했지만 성공하지 못했습니다.

이걸 어떻게 고칠 수 있습니까?

편집하다:

내 boot.log :

$ cat boot.log
[  OK  ] Started Show Plymouth Boot Screen.
[  OK  ] Mounted /media/ssd3.
[  OK  ] Started Forward Password Requests to Plymouth Directory Watch.
[  OK  ] Started Braille Device Support.
[  OK  ] Found device ST9500325AS 6.
[  OK  ] Found device ST9500325AS 7.
[  OK  ] Found device ST9500325AS 5.
[  OK  ] Found device ST9500325AS Acer.
         Mounting /media/C...
         Activating swap /dev/disk/by-uuid/d7c7e54d-0eb9-49e9-bdba-de11b5637723...
         Starting File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/425e03d0-535c-4c23-9570-b7a03afc2b39...
         Starting File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/99158754-acff-4379-9640-1adc6edb157e...
[  OK  ] Activated swap /dev/disk/by-uuid/d7c7e54d-0eb9-49e9-bdba-de11b5637723.
[  OK  ] Reached target Swap.
[  OK  ] Found device ST9500325AS Daten.
         Mounting /media/E...
[  OK  ] Started File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/425e03d0-535c-4c23-9570-b7a03afc2b39.
         Mounting /media/ubuntu1210...
[  OK  ] Found device ST9500325AS shared.
         Starting File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/661027b0-7fb9-4e5b-bc30-4bdf232eda36...
[  OK  ] Mounted /media/ubuntu1210.
[  OK  ] Started File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/99158754-acff-4379-9640-1adc6edb157e.
         Mounting /media/ubuntu1404...
[  OK  ] Mounted /media/ubuntu1404.
[  OK  ] Mounted /media/C.
[  OK  ] Mounted /media/E.
[  OK  ] Started File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/661027b0-7fb9-4e5b-bc30-4bdf232eda36.
         Mounting /media/shared...
[  OK  ] Mounted /media/shared.
[ TIME ] Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-57f163ae\x2d54d6\x2d4c56\x2db5c7\x2d84e1d5e4b438.device.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/57f163ae-54d6-4c56-b5c7-84e1d5e4b438.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for /media/ssd2.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for Local File Systems.
[DEPEND] Dependency failed for Clean up any mess left by 0dns-up.
         Starting Set console font and keymap...
         Starting Enable support for additional executable binary formats...
[  OK  ] Stopped Clean PHP session files every 30 mins.
[  OK  ] Stopped target Graphical Interface.
[  OK  ] Stopped Accounts Service.
[  OK  ] Started Stop ureadahead data collection 45s after completed startup.
[  OK  ] Closed UUID daemon activation socket.
[  OK  ] Stopped Getty on tty1.
[  OK  ] Stopped getty on tty2-tty6 if dbus and logind are not available.
[  OK  ] Stopped Daily apt upgrade and clean activities.
[  OK  ] Stopped Daily apt download activities.
[  OK  ] Stopped Bluetooth service.
[  OK  ] Reached target Bluetooth.
[  OK  ] Stopped Save/Restore Sound Card State.
[  OK  ] Stopped Manage Sound Card State (restore and store).
[  OK  ] Stopped ACPI Events Check.
[  OK  ] Stopped Light Display Manager.
[  OK  ] Stopped Detect the available GPUs and deal with any system changes.
[  OK  ] Stopped Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
[  OK  ] Stopped Timer to automatically fetch and run repair assertions.
[  OK  ] Reached target Timers.
[  OK  ] Stopped IIO Sensor Proxy service.
[  OK  ] Closed Unix socket for apport crash forwarding.
[  OK  ] Closed ACPID Listen Socket.
[  OK  ] Stopped target Multi-User System.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: Speech Dispatcher.
[  OK  ] Stopped Make remote CUPS printers available locally.
[  OK  ] Stopped CUPS Scheduler.
[  OK  ] Closed CUPS Scheduler.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to "ondemand".
[  OK  ] Stopped Modem Manager.
[  OK  ] Stopped Cgroup management proxy.
[  OK  ] Stopped Restore /etc/resolv.conf if the system crashed before the ppp link was shut down.
[  OK  ] Stopped Initialize hardware monitoring sensors.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: Start xrdp and sesman daemons.
[  OK  ] Stopped Login Service.
[  OK  ] Stopped TeamViewer remote control daemon.
[  OK  ] Stopped Network Manager Wait Online.
[  OK  ] Stopped crash report submission daemon.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: automatic crash report generation.
[  OK  ] Stopped The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager.
[  OK  ] Stopped Auto import assertions from block devices.
[  OK  ] Stopped Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: Apache2 web server.
[  OK  ] Stopped Regular background program processing daemon.
[  OK  ] Stopped Network Manager.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB.
[  OK  ] Stopped Hold until boot process finishes up.
[  OK  ] Stopped /etc/rc.local Compatibility.
[  OK  ] Stopped Permit User Sessions.
         Starting Set console scheme...
[  OK  ] Stopped Snappy daemon.
[  OK  ] Closed Socket activation for snappy daemon.
[  OK  ] Stopped CUPS Scheduler.
[  OK  ] Stopped Automatically repair incorrect owner/permissions on core devices.
[  OK  ] Stopped Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.
[  OK  ] Stopped LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems.
[  OK  ] Stopped MySQL Community Server.
[  OK  ] Stopped System Logging Service.
[  OK  ] Closed Syslog Socket.
[  OK  ] Stopped Run anacron jobs.
[  OK  ] Stopped D-Bus System Message Bus.
[  OK  ] Reached target Login Prompts.
[  OK  ] Stopped Cgroup management daemon.
[  OK  ] Closed Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack Activation Socket.
[  OK  ] Stopped Thermal Daemon Service.
[  OK  ] Stopped target Basic System.
[  OK  ] Reached target Paths.
[  OK  ] Closed D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
[  OK  ] Reached target Sockets.
[  OK  ] Stopped target System Initialization.
[  OK  ] Started Emergency Shell.
[  OK  ] Reached target Emergency Mode.
         Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...
         Starting LSB: AppArmor initialization...
         Starting Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data...
         Starting Nameserver information manager...
[  OK  ] Started Set console scheme.
[  OK  ] Started Nameserver information manager.
[  OK  ] Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.
[  OK  ] Started Tell Plymouth To Write Out Runtime Data.
         Starting Network Time Synchronization...
         Starting Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown...
[  OK  ] Reached target Network (Pre).
         Mounting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System...
[  OK  ] Started Set console font and keymap.
[  OK  ] Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
[  OK  ] Started Network Time Synchronization.
[  OK  ] Started Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
[  OK  ] Started Enable support for additional executable binary formats.
         Starting Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes...
[  OK  ] Reached target System Time Synchronized.
[  OK  ] Created slice system-getty.slice.
[  OK  ] Started Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes.
[  OK  ] Started LSB: AppArmor initialization.
         Starting Raise network interfaces...
[  OK  ] Started Raise network interfaces.
[  OK  ] Reached target Network.
[  OK  ] Reached target Network is Online.

이전과 동일한 하드웨어에 동일한 OS를로드하려고 시도 중이므로 문제는 새로운 GRUB 버전 또는 구성에 관한 것입니다.

Ubuntu 16.04 설치 (/boot/grub/grub.cfg)의 Ubuntu 16.04 메뉴 항목 :

menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7' {
    recordfail
    load_video
    gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
    insmod gzio
    if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    set root='hd1,msdos1'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1  8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7
    fi
        linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-121-generic root=UUID=8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7 ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-121-generic
}

Ubuntu 18.04 설치 (/boot/grub/grub.cfg)의 Ubuntu 16.04 메뉴 항목 :

menuentry 'Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS (16.04) (auf /dev/sdb1)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-gnulinux-simple-8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7' {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    set root='hd1,msdos1'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1  8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7
    fi
    linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-121-generic root=UUID=8276f4fe-1bcd-4d25-8d6d-874f8e69a9b7 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
    initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-121-generic
}
linux  ubuntu  boot  grub2 
— 맥스 가이버
소스
가능하면 DisplayPort를 사용하지 마십시오. IIRC 이것은 해결되지 않은 오랜 버그입니다. DisplayPort를 사용할 때만 발생합니다.
— Daniel B
DisplayPort가 없습니다. HDMI 만 연결되어 있습니다. 두 번째 화면을 분리해도 도움이되지 않습니다.
— MaxGyver
흠, 아마도 다른 문제 일 것입니다. 죄송합니다. 인텔 그래픽 드라이버 때문입니다. 필자의 경우 디스플레이 데이터 스트림이 중단되어 디스플레이 충돌이 발생했습니다. Linux에서 GPU 집약적 애플리케이션을 사용할 계획입니까?
— Daniel B
아니요. 인텔 그래픽 드라이버를 언로드 할 수 있습니까?
— MaxGyver
제목이 오해의 소지가 있다고 생각합니다. 그래픽 카드 경고와 중단 된 부팅 간의 관계가 보이지 않습니다
— AB

답변:

0

추측 : Ubuntu 18.04에는 Ubunutu 16.04의 커널 드라이버가 이해하지 못하거나 초기화 중에 고려하지 않는 특정 방식으로 하드웨어를 설정하는 커널 드라이버가 있습니다. 따라서 Ubuntu 18.04를 부팅 한 후 Ubuntu 16.04를 웜 부팅하면 동일한 기본 하드웨어가 예상대로 작동하지 않아 오류가 발생합니다.

진단 : Ubuntu 16.04 콜드 부팅 (컴퓨터를 끄고 몇 초 동안 전원을 차단)하고 문제가 계속 발생하는지 확인하십시오.

해결 방법 : 항상 Ubuntu 16.04를 콜드 부팅하십시오.

— dirkt
소스
좋은 힌트! Ubuntu 16.04를 콜드 부팅하면 이전보다 더 많이 나옵니다. 그러나 여전히 "비상 모드 시작"으로 끝납니다. GRUB에서 일부 커널 드라이버를 수동으로 제거 할 수 있습니까?
— MaxGyver
0

문제는 Ubuntu 18.04를 설치하는 동안 / dev / sdb2 가 포맷되었다는 것입니다. 따라서 UUID가 변경되었으며 / etc / fstab 이 더 이상 올바르지 않습니다.

Ubuntu 18.04를 부팅하고 / dev / sdb2 를 마운트 하고 / etc / fstab (마운트 된 파티션의) 에서 UUID를 업데이트해야했습니다 .

sudo blkid 를 통해 UUID를 검색 할 수 있습니다 .

— 맥스 가이버
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