버전 38 이후 Firefox에서 "보안 연결 실패"문제를 해결하는 방법은 무엇입니까?
사용하십시오 openssl s_client
. 이와 같은 것들을위한 스위스 군용 칼입니다. openssl x509
인증서를 덤프 하는 데 사용 합니다.
일반적으로 {Issuer, Subject}
다음과 같이 체인 의 쌍에 관심 이 있습니다.
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
서버의 발급자가 다음으로 높은 인증서의 주체가되는 방법에 주목하십시오. Gutmann은 그의 책 Engineering Security 에서이를 설명하기 위해 다음 다이어그램을 제공합니다 .
맨 위에서 CA 루트는 자체 서명되어 있으며 문제와 주제는 동일합니다. 레벨 3이 있으면 다음과 같습니다.
3 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
그러나 일반적으로 체인을 믿지 않아야하므로 체인에서 볼 수 없습니다. 트러스트 앵커에 대한 요구 사항 중 일부는 이미 변경되지 않도록하기위한 것입니다.
주체 이름과 발급자 이름을 사용하면 Distinguished Names 라는 이름이 사용 됩니다. 체인을 형성하는 다른 방법은입니다 KEYIDs
. 때로는 SKI ( Subject Key Identifier ) 및 AKI ( Authority Key Identifier ) 를 통해 볼 수 있습니다. 키 식별자는 다이제스트 된 공개 키의 지문입니다.
RFC 4514 와 같은 표준 에서 식별 이름 에 대한 정보를 찾을 수 있습니다 . RFC 4518 과 같은 표준에서 KEYID 를 사용하여 경로 작성과 관련이 있습니다.
브라우저에 문제가있는 것 같습니다 (아래 참조). Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
와 지문 이없는 것 같습니다 a1 db 63 93 91 6f 17 e4 18 55 09 40 04 15 c7 02 40 b0 ae 6b
.
Symantec Root Certifcates를 방문 하여 Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority를 다운로드 하면 검증 경로를 구축 할 수 있습니다 ( Verify return code: 0 (ok)
아래 참고 사항).
Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
브라우저의 신뢰할 수있는 루트 저장소에 다운로드하여 설치해야합니다 . 또는 브라우저에서 경로를 빌드하는 데 사용되지 않는 이유를 판별하십시오 (다음 참조).
Mozilla와 Firefox Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
는 블로그 게시물 에서 1024 비트 RSA 키를 사용하여 인증서 단계 화에 대해 설명 합니다. 이 글에 따르면 Firefox 32 이후 CA 인증서는 더 이상 사용되지 않습니다.이 키는 CA 서명 작업에 장기간 사용되므로 10 년에서 30 년 동안 살아야하기 때문에 "더 강한"매개 변수가 필요하기 때문에 실제로 잘못하지는 않습니다. (문자 그대로).
Checkpoint는 4096 비트 RSA 모듈러스 및 SHA-256이있는 CA와 같은 최신 매개 변수가있는 인증서 (체인)로 발급 된 새 서버 인증서를 가져와야합니다. 또는 2048 비트 RSA 모듈러스와 SHA-256을 갖춘 하위 CA ...
(또한 아래에서 저에게 효과가 없었던 것을보십시오).
다음은 OpenSSL을 사용하여 클래스 3 공용 기본 인증 기관으로 서버 인증서를 검증하는 예입니다 s_client
.
$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
-servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -CAfile Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority.pem
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = California, L = San Carlos, O = Check Point Software Technologies Inc., OU = MIS-US, CN = usercenter.checkpoint.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 4310 bytes and written 600 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : AES128-SHA
Session-ID: 141BB5DD85FA61CC85E5C8368DED9EB9C7C6427D7F655F8DD778EEB003F9EBE7
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: 84261799D242992FE44D48F39F1A10CFCE5BE60E1A900CC3E6BFFD368DAB68A439287C81DC9510871963EF8E3366FFE3
Key-Arg : None
PSK identity: None
PSK identity hint: None
SRP username: None
Start Time: 1432323605
Timeout : 7200 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
이전에 "최상의 CA 루트는 자체 서명되었으며 문제와 주제는 동일 합니다. "라고 말했습니다 . 주체와 발급자가 동일한 자체 서명 된 CA 루트 덤프입니다. 또한 1024 비트 모듈러스 및 sha1WithRSAEn 암호화를 보여줍니다.
$ openssl x509 -in Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority.pem -inform PEM -text -noout
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 1 (0x0)
Serial Number:
3c:91:31:cb:1f:f6:d0:1b:0e:9a:b8:d0:44:bf:12:be
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Validity
Not Before: Jan 29 00:00:00 1996 GMT
Not After : Aug 2 23:59:59 2028 GMT
Subject: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
Public-Key: (1024 bit)
Modulus:
00:c9:5c:59:9e:f2:1b:8a:01:14:b4:10:df:04:40:
db:e3:57:af:6a:45:40:8f:84:0c:0b:d1:33:d9:d9:
11:cf:ee:02:58:1f:25:f7:2a:a8:44:05:aa:ec:03:
1f:78:7f:9e:93:b9:9a:00:aa:23:7d:d6:ac:85:a2:
63:45:c7:72:27:cc:f4:4c:c6:75:71:d2:39:ef:4f:
42:f0:75:df:0a:90:c6:8e:20:6f:98:0f:f8:ac:23:
5f:70:29:36:a4:c9:86:e7:b1:9a:20:cb:53:a5:85:
e7:3d:be:7d:9a:fe:24:45:33:dc:76:15:ed:0f:a2:
71:64:4c:65:2e:81:68:45:a7
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
10:72:52:a9:05:14:19:32:08:41:f0:c5:6b:0a:cc:7e:0f:21:
19:cd:e4:67:dc:5f:a9:1b:e6:ca:e8:73:9d:22:d8:98:6e:73:
03:61:91:c5:7c:b0:45:40:6e:44:9d:8d:b0:b1:96:74:61:2d:
0d:a9:45:d2:a4:92:2a:d6:9a:75:97:6e:3f:53:fd:45:99:60:
1d:a8:2b:4c:f9:5e:a7:09:d8:75:30:d7:d2:65:60:3d:67:d6:
48:55:75:69:3f:91:f5:48:0b:47:69:22:69:82:96:be:c9:c8:
38:86:4a:7a:2c:73:19:48:69:4e:6b:7c:65:bf:0f:fc:70:ce:
88:90
이전에 "Checkpoint는 4096 비트 RSA 모듈러스 및 SHA-256을 사용하는 CA와 같은 최신 매개 변수를 사용하여 인증서 (체인)로 발급 된 새 서버 인증서를 받아야합니다. 또는 2048 비트 RSA 모듈러스가있는 하위 CA는 SHA-256 ... " .
나를 위해 작동 하지 않은 것은 다음과 같습니다 VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
. 약한 1024 비트 루트 CA가 아닌 더 강한 하위 CA에 대한 신뢰를 뿌리 내리거나 고정합니다 .
편집 : OpenSSL 1.0.2a 이하의 버그로 인한 것입니다. OpenSSL 1.0.2b에서 수정되었습니다. 체인의 하위 직원이 자체 서명 된 루트로 승격 된 경우 확인을 위해 예상되는 동작을 참조하십시오 .
$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
-servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -CAfile VeriSign-Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority-G5.pem
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 4310 bytes and written 600 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : AES128-SHA
Session-ID: 736B3105DB22F2AB0F5D42C8161A8A132BF1E7C37464BB2F0D00058B867332EB
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: BDD5D4951E3FD01C3C456D475EAE6D0D5CE53FBF75B4F6F3D4D186A27B566D75056057D5395F35AE3BA8D20A669212C2
Key-Arg : None
PSK identity: None
PSK identity hint: None
SRP username: None
Start Time: 1432324811
Timeout : 7200 (sec)
Verify return code: 20 (unable to get local issuer certificate)
---
실질적인 문제는 시만텍이 동일한 이름과 동일한 공개 키를 가진 인증서를 재발급하므로 식별 이름 , 주체 키 식별자 및 권한 키 식별자 는 변경 되지 않았습니다 . 일련 번호 만 변경합니다 .
체인으로 전송 된 인증서와 시만텍 사이트에서 다운로드 한 인증서 사이의 일련 번호가 다르기 때문에 아래에서 확인할 수있었습니다. 그런 다음 재발급 된 인증서가 하위 CA에서 루트 CA로 변경된 것으로 나타났습니다.
-showcerts
OpenSSL과 함께 사용 s_client
하면 체인의 인증서를 볼 수 있습니다 .
$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
-servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -showcerts
CONNECTED(00000003)
...
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFaTCCBFGgAwIBAgIQbDQ79PGfSr9ppjYf2kOh4zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
tTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMR8wHQYDVQQL
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yt210nEvNhvDBmWA06tX3fYPiZvgf1tzzITVRUZxxZlpUdEuMrcCUB+UFAuO
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIF7DCCBNSgAwIBAgIQbsx6pacDIAm4zrz06VLUkTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
...
내가 일반적으로하는 일은 체인의 PEM 인코딩 인증서를 클립 보드에 복사 한 다음 pbpaste
터미널에 붙여 넣고 OpenSSL에 파이프하는 데 사용 x509
합니다. 예를 들어, 다음은 VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
체인의 일부로 전송 된 레벨 2 입니다.
$ pbpaste | openssl x509 -text -noout
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
25:0c:e8:e0:30:61:2e:9f:2b:89:f7:05:4d:7c:f8:fd
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
...