1-고급이지만 가벼운 기술
맨 페이지는 평평합니다.
info 나무입니다.
둘 다 텍스트 기반으로 유지 되므로 낮은 수준의 시스템 개발 중에 사용할 수 있습니다 (http와 달리 사용하기 전에 GUI와 브라우저가 완전히 필요합니다).
예를 들어 Atmel의 Arduino에서 실행되는 것들이 리눅스에서 많은 리소스 시스템에서 실행될 수 있기 때문에 유용합니다 info.
(역사 : 기억하신다면 gopherinfo 와 비슷 합니다. GUI OS로 옮겨 가기 직전에 우리가 가지고 있던 것이었고, 월드 와이드 웹이 폭발했습니다. 나는 gopher가 정보를 찾는 데 아주 잘 작동했으며 빠르다는 것을 기억합니다. 쉽게 확장 할 수 있고, 텍스트를 기반으로하며 빠르게 확장 할 수있었습니다.)
매뉴얼 페이지는 작동 가능한 하이퍼 링크를 가질 수 없습니다. (이 기술에서는 불가능합니다.)
info노드에서 노드로 또는 노드에서 리프로 작동 가능한 많은 링크 를 가질 수 있으며 , 큰 매뉴얼을 훨씬 쉽게 탐색 할 수 있습니다.
2-매뉴얼 페이지에없는 내용이 들어 있습니다.
많은 표준 패키지에는 자매 문서 패키지도 있습니다. 이 내용은 종종 내부에서만 찾을 수 있습니다 info.
이 문서 패키지는 정보와 소책자를 섹션과 하위 섹션과 함께 추가합니다. 에서 info용어, 이들은이라고 nodes하고, 노드는 기타를 포함 할 수있는 nodes트리 구조로.
나무 주위를 오르는 명령이 있습니다. 여기 몇 가지 예가 있습니다.
- 최대 2 장까지 2.1 절에서 예 섹션,
- 다음 섹션 (즉, 섹션 팁을 따라 페이지에서 페이지로 이동) (예 : 섹션 2에서 섹션 2.1로) ( 섹션 2.2가 없다고 가정 ) 섹션 3으로 진행
- 섹션 바로 오른쪽 (예 : 섹션 2에서 섹션 3으로 직접 이동하여 섹션 2.1 생략)
읽고 있고 한 줄씩 아래로 스크롤하면 각 소책자의 모든 섹션을 방문하게됩니다.
중요한 명령
L - 돌아가 같이 소문자 'L'- 리터의 AST. 웹 브라우저 의 뒤로 버튼 과 같습니다 . -이 창에서 마지막으로 본 노드로 돌아갑니다 (처음에는 하나의 창만 있음). 와우, 문서 창도 반으로 나눌 수 있습니다!
D - 내 사람 - 주 '로 이동 D irectory'노드입니다. -이것은 정보 트리의 상단입니다. 가족에 대한 링크를 포함합니다 :
t - 내 가족 -로 이동 t의 이 문서의 연산 노드입니다. -일반적으로 목차
U - 내 부모 - 이동 U의 페이지를 한 수준. 예를 들어 섹션 2.1에서 섹션 2로 이동하십시오.
N - 내 형제 -로 이동 n 개의 이 수준에서 내선 노드입니다. 예 : 섹션 2-> 섹션 3 (2.1 아님)
P - 내 형제 -로 이동 P는 이 수준에 revious 노드입니다. 예 : 섹션 3-> 섹션 2
] - 내 자녀 - 문서 의 다음 노드로 이동하십시오 ( 예 : 섹션 2-> 섹션 2.1).
[ - 내 자녀 - 문서 의 이전 노드로 이동하십시오 ( 예 : 섹션 2.1-> 섹션 2).
또한 왜 정보를 사용하고 싶어하는지 이해하지 못했습니다. 나는 이전에 그것에 덤벼 들었고, 처음에는 그것을 구식으로 발견했습니다. 그러나 autoconf 프로젝트에 대한 추가 정보가 필요했기 때문에 이것이 해당 문서가있는 곳이라고 제안 했으므로 최근에 다른 모습을 보았습니다.
내가해야 할 첫 번째 일은 더 잘 탐색하는 방법을 알아내는 것이 었습니다. 나는 H의 도움이 거의 도움이되지 않는다는 것을 알았습니다 . 그것은 내가이 도움으로 스크롤 할 수 있다는 것을 알기 전까지는 .. 그러나 너무 많은 혼란이있었습니다.
그래서 나는이 도움을 복사하여 Gnote에 붙여 넣고 info작동 방식을 이해하기 시작 했습니다.
더 많은 것을 배우면서 나는 그들의 도움을 다시 썼습니다. 나는 그들이 명령의 전체 범위가 무엇인지, 어떻게 분류되었는지 알고 싶었습니다.
주어진 명령을 실행하는 두세 가지 방법으로 많은 키 입력이 중복되었음을 알았습니다. 또한이 모든 것이 이맥스와 매우 흡사하다는 것을 알았습니다.
여기에 정보 명령 의 치트 시트가 있습니다 :
HELP - info - commands
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Short list - 'basic' Info command keys (see below for full list)
C-g Cancel the current operation.
H Close this help window. (toggle help window)
q Quit Info altogether.
h Invoke the Info tutorial.
Move in this node
Up Move up one line.
Down Move down one line.
PgUp Scroll backward one screenful. - also backspace
PgDn Scroll forward one screenful. - also space
Home Go to the beginning of this node.
End Go to the end of this node.
TAB Skip to the next hypertext link.
/ Search forward for a specified string.
} Search for next occurrence.
{ Search for previous occurrence.
Move to other nodes
RET Follow the hypertext link under the cursor.
1...9 Pick the first...ninth item in this node's menu.
0 Pick the last item in this node's menu.
l Last in history. Go back to the last node seen in this window (initially we only have one window). (?? history)
d Go to the main 'directory' node. my people
the Info main menu - "This is the top of the INFO tree."
t Go to the top node of this document. my family Generally the table of contents
u Go up one level. my parent e.g. go from Section 2.1, to Section 2.
n Go to the next node on this level. my siblings e.g. section 2 -> section 3 (not 2.1)
p Go to the previous node on this level.
] Go to the next node in the document. my children e.g. section 2 -> section 2.1
[ Go to the previous node in the document. (?siblings)
m <name> Pick a menu item specified by name.
f Follow a cross reference specified by name.
g Go to a node specified by name.
i Search for a specified string in the index (if there is an index), and select the node referenced by the first entry found.
I Synthesize menu of matching index entries. ???
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Full list - of commands available in Info windows:
Notes:
M- (meta) is Alt; (also you can use an Esc prefix instead of meta -hwj)
M-C- means hold both Ctrl and Alt down at same time
* Basic commands (listed above)
HELP
* H (get-help-window) Toggle display of help message
* h (get-info-help-node) Visit Info node '(info)Help' (this gets: man info )
CANCEL
* C-g C-x C-g M-C-g (abort-key) Cancel current operation (?? esc)
* q C-c (quit) Quit using Info
C-x C-c (quit) Quit using Info
WINDOWS
C-l (redraw-display) Redraw the display
x C-x 0 (delete-window) Delete the current window
C-x 1 (keep-one-window) Delete all other windows (leaving 1)
C-x 2 (split-window) Split the current window (into 2)
C-x t (tile-windows) Divide the available screen space among the visible windows
C-x ^ (grow-window) Grow (or shrink) this window
C-x o (next-window) Select the next window (other)
C-x C-b (list-visited-nodes) Make a window containing a menu of all of the currently visited nodes
C-x w (toggle-wrap) Toggle the state of line wrapping in the current window
VIEW OTHER FILE
C-x C-f (view-file) Read the name of a file and select it
C-x C-v (view-file) Read the name of a file and select it
SCROLL
C-v (scroll-forward-page-only) Scroll forward in this window staying within node ('v' looks like a down arrow)
M-v (scroll-backward-page-only) Scroll backward in this window staying within node (meta-v is the reverse, or up arrow)
* PgDn SPC (scroll-forward) Scroll forward in this window (at end moving to next node??)
* PgUp DEL C-h (scroll-backward) Scroll backward in this window (at end moving to next node??) (DEL = Backspace or Del)
M-C-v ESC PgDn (scroll-other-window) Scroll the other window
ESC PgUp (scroll-other-window-backward) Scroll the other window backward
CURSOR MOVEMENT (within a 'node' / page)
Right C-f ( forward-char) Move forward a character
Left C-b (backward-char) Move backward a character
M-b (backward-word) Move backward a word
M-f ( forward-word) Move forward a word
C-a (beginning-of-line) Move to the start of the line
C-e (end-of-line) Move to the end of the line
* Up C-p (prev-line) Move up to the previous line
* Down C-n (next-line) Move down to the next line
M-r (move-to-window-line) Move the cursor to a specific line of the window
* Home b ESC < (beginning-of-node) Move to the start of this node
* End e ESC > (end-of-node) Move to the end of this node
SEARCHING
/ (search) Read a string and search for it
s (search) Read a string and search for it
? (search-backward) Read a string and search backward for it
R (toggle-regexp) Toggle the usage of regular expressions in searches
S (search-case-sensitively) Read a string and search for it case-sensitively
* } C-x n (search-next) Repeat last search in the same direction
* { C-x N (search-previous) Repeat last search in the reverse direction
C-s (isearch-forward) Search interactively for a string as you type it
C-r (isearch-backward) Search interactively for a string as you type it
M-/ (tree-search) Search this node and subnodes for a string.
M-} (tree-search-next) Go to next match in Info sub-tree
M-{ (tree-search-previous) Go to previous match in Info sub-tree
JUMP TO NODE CROSS REFERENCES (underlined links to nodes)
* TAB (move-to-next-xref) Move to the next cross reference
BackTab M-TAB (move-to-prev-xref) Move to the previous cross reference (Shift-tab)
SELECT A NODE (hyperlink)
* RET (select-reference-this-line) Select reference or menu item appearing on this line
* 1 .. 9 (menu-digit) Select this menu item (link) # in this node's menu (this page's menu)
* 0 (last-menu-item) Select the last menu item (link) in this node's menu (this page's menu)
< (first-node) Select the first node in this file
> (last-node) Select the last node in this file
* d (dir-node) Select the 'dir' node (in all files?) the Info main menu - "This is the top of the INFO tree."
* t (top-node) Select the 'Top' node in this file Generally the table of contents
* u ( up-node) Select the 'Up' node in this file i.e. go from Section 2.1, to Section 2.
* n (next-node) Select the Next node i.e. section 2.1 -> section 2.2
* p (prev-node) Select the Prev node
* g <name> (goto-node) Read a node name and select it
* m <item> (menu-item) Read a menu item and select its node ???
C-x b (select-visited-node) Select a node which has been previously visited in a visible window (c-x=Window, back)
MOVE TO ANOTHER NODE (in the tree)
* [ (global-prev-node) Move backwards or up through node structure (tree within this file)
* ] (global-next-node) Move forwards or down through node structure (tree within this file)
* l (history-node) last - Select the most recently selected node
GET NODE INFORMATION
= (display-file-info) Show full file name of node being displayed
O (goto-invocation-node) Find the node describing program invocation
READ IN NEW MENUS
G <menus> (menu-sequence) Read a list of menus starting from dir and follow them ???
INDEX
* i (index-search) Look up a string in the index for this file (Search for a specified string in the index
(if there is an index), and select the node referenced by the first entry found.
, (next-index-match) Go to the next matching index item from the last 'i' command
* I (virtual-index) List all matches of a string in the index
C-x f (all-files) Show all matching files
FOOTNOTES
* f (xref-item) Read a footnote or cross reference and select its node
r (xref-item) Read a footnote or cross reference and select its node
M-C-f (show-footnotes) Show the footnotes associated with this node in another window
NUMERIC
C-u (universal-argument) Start (or multiply by 4) the current numeric argument
M-- (add-digit-to-numeric-arg) Add this digit to the current numeric argument
M-0 .. M-9 (add-digit-to-numeric-arg) Add this digit to the current numeric argument
MISC
M-x (execute-command) Read a command name in the echo area and execute it ?? pwd and ls don't work
#####################################################################################################################################################
The following text commands can only be invoked via M-x (Alt-x -hwj):
This is a list of longer commands that can be typed, all prefixed with Alt-x:
M-x scroll-forward-set-window Scroll forward in this window and set default window size
M-x scroll-backward-set-window Scroll backward in this window and set default window size
M-x scroll-forward-page-only-set-window Scroll forward in this window staying within node and set default window size
M-x scroll-backward-page-only-set-window Scroll backward in this window staying within node and set default window size
M-x down-line Scroll down by lines
M-x up-line Scroll up by lines
M-x scroll-half-screen-down Scroll down by half screen size
M-x scroll-half-screen-up Scroll up by half screen size
M-x prev-window Select the previous xwindow
M-x set-screen-height <number> Set the height of the displayed window
M-x find-menu Move to the start of this node's menu
M-x visit-menu Visit as many menu items at once as possible
M-x man <name of man page> Read a manpage reference and select it
M-x print-node Pipe the contents of this node through INFO_PRINT_COMMAND
M-x clear-search Clear displayed search matches
M-x describe-key <key combo> Print documentation for KEY (one line of documentation)
M-x where-is Show what to type to execute a given command
M-x describe-command Read the name of an Info command and describe it
M-x index-apropos Grovel all known info file's indices for a string and build a menu (grep widely, and make a menu of what is found)
M-x describe-variable Explain the use of a variable
M-x set-variable Set the value of an Info variable
M-x info-version Display version of Info being run
#####################################################################################################################################################
Commands available in the 'echo' area (i.e. at bottom of screen):
(M- (meta) = Fn (not alt) -hwj)
C-l (redraw-display) Redraw the display
C-g Esc (echo-area-abort) Cancel or quit operation
M-C-g (echo-area-abort) Cancel or quit operation
MOVE
C-a Home (echo-area-beg-of-line) Move to the start of this line
C-e End (echo-area-end-of-line) Move to the end of this line
C-b Left (echo-area-backward) Move backward a character
C-f Right (echo-area-forward) Move forward a character
M-b (echo-area-backward-word) Move backward a word
M-f (echo-area-forward-word) Move forward a word
COMMAND LINE COMPLETIONS
M-? ? (echo-area-possible-completions) List possible completions
M-C-v (echo-area-scroll-completions-window) Scroll the completions window
TAB SPC (echo-area-complete) Insert completion
RET LFD (echo-area-newline) Accept (or force completion of) this line
DELETE/YANK
C-d (echo-area-delete) Delete the character under the cursor
C-h DEL (echo-area-rubout) Delete the character behind the cursor
M-d (echo-area-kill-word) Kill the word following the cursor
M-DEL (echo-area-backward-kill-word) Kill the word preceding the cursor
C-k (echo-area-kill-line) Kill to the end of the line
C-x DEL (echo-area-backward-kill-line) Kill to the beginning of the line
C-y (echo-area-yank) Yank back the contents of the last kill
M-y (echo-area-yank-pop) Yank back a previous kill
INSERT
C-q (echo-area-quoted-insert) Insert next character verbatim
M-TAB (echo-area-tab-insert) Insert a TAB character
TRANSPOSE
C-t (echo-area-transpose-chars) Transpose characters at point (and move ahead by one)
NUMERIC ARGUMENTS ???
C-u (universal-argument) Start (or multiply by 4) the current numeric argument
M-- (add-digit-to-numeric-arg) Add this digit to the current numeric argument
M-0 .. M-9 (add-digit-to-numeric-arg) Add this digit to the current numeric argument
C-x o (next-window) Select the next window